Pain Medicine & Palliative Care: Palliative Care

Electrolyte Disturbances

Electrolytes include salts, such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate. A laboratory test to analyze the amounts of these substances present in the body is used to check organ function. Since mainly the kidneys control the amount of sodium, potassium, and chloride in the blood, low or high levels may indicate kidney function abnormalities.

Other electrolyte tests may include analysis of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and glucose (sugar) levels. Urea and creatinine are waste products from the liver and muscles, respectively. High levels of urea and creatinine may also indicate problems with kidney function or other disease. Glucose levels too high or too low may sometimes indicate problems with insulin regulation in the blood.


Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care
Beth Israel Medical Center, New York City
©2005 Continuum Health Partners, Inc.
www.stoppain.org/palliative_care